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overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom
removal from decolonization list
International law
United States Constitutional Law
Legal Status
Opposition to the Overthrow
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Kingdom
Provisional Government
Republic
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- Premeditation Found, the U.S. Presidents involved in the conspiracy(ies), piracy(ies) of a neutral, friendly, non-violent nation whose citizens, treasonous persons of the Hawaiian Kingdom, moved to dethrone the Hawaiian Kingdom, etc.
- U.N. created by bankrupt nations who pillaged, pirated off a weaker, recognized nation and who lied to other nations about the status, etc.
Nations associated appears to have been unaware of the particulars of what happened in 1893, etc. Nations appear to be unknowing about the causes and the development of the International organizations and the moves towards a one world order/new world order
The foundation was the Vattel laws of Nations:
Emmerich de Vattel: The Law of Nations - Constitution Society
www.constitution.org/vattel/vattel.htm
LAW OF NATIONS. OR. PRINCIPLES OF THE LAW OF NATURE APPLIED TO THE CONDUCT AND AFFAIRS OF NATIONS AND SOVEREIGNS. FROM THE ...Vattel: The Law of Nations: Book I - Constitution Society
www.constitution.org/vattel/vattel_01.htm
The law of nations is the law of sovereigns; free and independent states are ... (Emer de Vattel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emer_de_Vattel
Jump to The Law of Nations - [edit]. Main article: The Law of Nations. The cover page from The Law of Nations. Vattel's masterpiece was largely influenced ...
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The Law of Nations - Online Library of Liberty - Liberty Fund
oll.libertyfund.org/titles/2246
Emer de Vattel, The Law of Nations, Or, Principles of the Law of Nature, Applied to the Conduct and Affairs of Nations and Sovereigns, with Three Early Essays ...Vattel: Law of Nations - LONANG Library
lonang.com/library/reference/vattel-law-of-nations/
Read the The Law of Nations or the Principles of Natural Law (1758), by Emmerich deVattel.Of Our Native Country - LONANG Institute - LONANG Library
lonang.com/library/reference/vattel-law-of-nations/vatt-119/
Emmerich de Vattel ... THE whole of the countries possessed by a nation and subject to its laws, forms, .... The political laws of nations vary greatly in this respect.Vattel's Influence on the term Natural Born Citizen
birthers.org/USC/Vattel.html
Before the Constitution the closest reference we have to Natural Born Citizen is from the legal treatise “the Law of Nations,” written by Emerich de Vattel in 1758.The Law of Nations (9780865974517): Emer de Vattel: Books
www.amazon.com › ... › Natural Law
What makes up the basis of what's called an honorable practice in today's world? "TheLaw of Nations" is a new and updated edition of Emer De Vattel's classic ...
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The law of nations; : Vattel, Emer de, 1714-1767 : Free ...
https://archive.org/details/lawnationsorpri00vattgoog
Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb. Publisher London, G.G. and J. Robinson
Internet Archive
[PDF]The Law of Nations; or Principles of the Law of Nature ...
www.loc.gov/rr/...Law/.../DeVattel_LawOfNations.p...
IN undertaking this new edition of lHonsiellr De Vattel's treatise, it was not my ... THELaw of Nations, though so noble and important a subject, has not, hitherto ...
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United States constitutional law - Wikipedia, the free ...
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United States constitutional law is the body of law governing the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution.
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U.S. Constitution | Constitution | US Law | LII / Legal ...
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The Constitution of the United States of America (see explanation)Preamble ["We the people"] (see explanation) Article I [The Legislative Branch] (see ...
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Constitutional Law | Wex Legal Dictionary / Encyclopedia ...
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Constitutional Law: An OverviewThe broad topic of constitutional law deals with the interpretation and implementation of the United States Constitution. As the ...
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Transcript of the Constitution of the United States - Official Text
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We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, .... to be ascertained by Law, and paid out of the Treasury of the United States.
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U.S. Constitution - FindLaw
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Find law and legal articles including lawyers for legal advice, legal rights or legal help to your legal issues.Guide to Law Online: US Constitution - Library of Congress
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This Guide to Law Online includes a selection of sources accessible through the Internet on the U.S. Constitution. | Links provide access to primary documents, ...
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constitution | Constitution- Constitution Law, US Constitution ...
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The Nineteenth Amendment is another Amendment to the United States Constitutionthat was implemented in order to provide for a guarantee of civil rights to all ...Exploring Constitutional Law - UMKC School of Law
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This site provides comprehensive information about the U. S. Constitution, including commentary, cases, questions, images, historical information, learning
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Constitutional Law - HG.org
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In most nations, including the United States, constitutional law is based on the text of a document ratified at the time the nation came into being. The U.S. ...Constitutional law -- United States - The Online Books Page
onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/.../browse?...Constitutional%20law%20--...
The General Principles of Constitutional Law in the United States of America , by Thomas McIntyre Cooley, ed. by Jon Roland (HTML with commentary at ...
In 1871, the bankers made a Secret Constitution
Updated Chronological History of Our Queen Liliuokalani
theiolani.blogspot.com/2015/.../updated-chronological-history-of-our.ht...
Jan 6, 2015 - researched and compiled by Amelia Gora (2015), one of ... Note: seeVladimir Putin's article and the whistle blower banker Karen Hudes, ...Whistleblower's Website: One World Order Background ...
whistleblowerwebsite.blogspot.com/.../one-world-order-background-doc...
Jan 2, 2015 - ... Vladimir Putin, Karen Hudes, Alayne Fleischmann, and Amelia Gora.... The following article appeared in the Hawaiian newspapers before ...On Annexation of Hawaii, Scalia Fails Constitutionality Test ...
www.civilbeat.com/.../on-annexation-of-hawaii-justice-scalia-fails-constit...
Mar 7, 2015 - Amelia Gora · Works at Self-Employed ... 1871 with the information thanks to and by whistle blowers Karen Hudes, World Bank; Vladimir Putin, ...Amelia Gora - Vladimir Putin blew the whistle on the U.S....
https://www.facebook.com/surfkick/posts/10203140493012843
Vladimir Putin blew the whistle on the U.S. by informing all Americans that their government usurped them....Banker whistleblowers Karen Hudes of the World ...One World Order Background or The Dark Forces Secrets
www.opednews.com/.../One-World-Order-Background-by-Amelia-Gora...
Jan 2, 2015 - By Amelia Gora (about the author) Permalink ... Castanha, Wolfram Graetz, Leuren Moret, Vladimir Putin, Karen Hudes, Alayne Fleischmann, and Amelia Gora ... Watch Leuren Moret's videos, and read articles written myself.Legal Notice Sent to U.S. President Obama et. als. on ...
https://theiolani.wordpress.com/.../legal-notice-sent-to-u-s-president-oba...
Jan 9, 2015 - 20, 1849/1850 from Amelia Gora, Royal Person, Land Owner, Title Owner, ... of the Hawaiian Kingdom and the United States of America, Article XIV. .....Vladimir Putin, Karen Hudes, Alayne Fleischmann, and Amelia GoraTribunal Affairs: Banking Information Requests
tribunalaffairs.blogspot.com/2015/03/banking-information-requests.html
Mar 9, 2015 - Amelia Gora, Royal Family member, Acting Liaison of Foreign Affairs, ...p.s. Paul Craig Roberts posted your article......am anti-war.....too. ... thanks to and by whistle blowers Karen Hudes, World Bank; Vladimir Putin, Russia ...Bernice Pauahi Bishop's Documented "Next of Kin"
hawaiiangenealogies.blogspot.com/.../bernice-pauahi-bishops-documente...
Dec 14, 2014 - compiled, researched by Amelia Gora (2014) .... the bankrupt bankers, as documented by Whistle Blowers Vladimir Putin, Karen Hudes, et. als.och att i det som en på av är för jag med den inte han till de ...
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... sedan sina mellan kom se allt får göra även oss olika denna fram sätt såg vill fick..... skede sjukvård förhandlingarna fira lyda meningslöst article inneburit porträtt ....löjtnant ekade arbetspaket charlie polismannen karen betraktat ved placerar .....anonymt uniformer ledarens eldstaden frederikkes vladimir thousand jaeger ...Advanced Search - CIJR Databank - Canadian Institute for ...
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Search articles from: Any source, 20 minutes.fr, A Mid-East Journal, AARP ..... Searcharticles written by: Any author, -, Petition, -, Interview, Aall, Pamela, Aaron,
Hawaiian Government exists, as well as the Identity Thieves who have criminally assumed the Kingdom of Hawaii.and claims to be successors, supported by bankrupt nations, the United States and England.
- KUE Petition Found by researchers; Queen Liliuokalani's Oppositions Found by researcher
Anti-annexation petitions - Petition
libweb.hawaii.edu/digicoll/annexation/petition.htmlNote: the petitions consist of hand-written signatures therefore it is NOT possible to convert ... Kue: The Hui Aloha Aina Anti-Annexation Petitions, 1897-1898.Hamilton LibraryAnti-annexation petitions Introductory Essay
libweb.hawaii.edu/digicoll/annexation/pet-intro.htmlThe three huis therefore began to organize mass petition drives. The heading on Hui Aloha ʻĀina's petition read: PALAPALA HOOPII KUE HOOHUI AINA, ...Hamilton Library-
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Kū'ē: Testimony of Thousands | Mana Magazine
www.welivemana.com/articles/kū‘ē-testimony-thousandsThe documents Silva tracked down that day are printed in Hawaiian and English and titled, “Palapala Hoopii Kue Hoohui Aina,” or “Petition Protesting ...Kue: The Hui Aloha Aina Anti-Annexation Petitions, 1897 ...
https://kanakagenealogy.wordpress.com/kue-the-hui-aloha-aina-anti-ann...Unlimited Voice, Text, Data and Referral Reward Program* FIND OUT MORE HEREKue: The Hui Aloha Aina Anti-Annexation Petitions, 1897-1898 The above... KŪ'E PETITION | Ka Lei Maile Ali`i Hawaiian Civic Club
kaleimailealii.org/activities/kue-petitionKue Petition. The members and friends of Ka Lei Maile Ali'i Hawaiian Civic Club invite your kokua and participation involving a dramatic visual display on the ...The Ku`e anti-annexation petitions of 1897 - YouTube
www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhRHLGZJkQAJan 16, 2013 - Uploaded by HawaiianVoiceWhen the self-proclaimed Republic of Hawai`i, made up of traitors who had engineered a coup d'etat against ...VIDEO: Ku'e Petition Comes To Mauna Kea – Big Island ...
www.bigislandvideonews.com/.../video-kue-petition-comes-to-mauna-ke...6 days ago - The Ku'e Petition was nearly lost to history; the population has only recently become educated about this chapter in Hawaii's history.Names from anti-annexation petition to be displayed in ...
www.hawaiiankingdom.info/?p=1111Oct 10, 2012 - Nearly 40,000 people signed Kue petitions opposing annexation in 1897. The U.S. went ahead and annexed the islands in 1898, five years ...Ku'e petitions of 1897 « Hawaiian Kingdom Independence ...
www.hawaiiankingdom.info/?p=1212Jan 16, 2013 - Ku'e petitions of 1897 ... Anti-Annexation "Ku`e" Petition of 1897 · Anti-Annexation Protest Documents · Apology Resolution by U.S. in 1993 ...
- made up of three (3) parts: 1) Sovereign - heirs and successors PERMANENT part; 2) House of Nobles - heirs and successors PERMANENT part; 3) House of Representatives - voted in part NON-PERMANENT
- made up of the treasonous persons who were part of the House of Representatives - the NON-PERMANENT part of the Hawaiian Kingdom supported by the U.S. Government
-evolved from the Provisional Government which had a time limitation, and supported by the U.S. Government
1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii - Wikipedia, the ...
en.wikipedia.org/.../1887_Constitution_of_the_Kingdom_of_Ha...Wikipedia
1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii - Wikipedia, the ...
en.wikipedia.org/.../1887_Constitution_of_the_Kingdom_of_...The 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii was a legal document by anti-monarchists to strip the Hawaiian monarchy of much of its authority, initiating a transfer of power to American, European and native Hawaiian elites.WikipediaHawaiian rebellions (1887–95) - Wikipedia, the free ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_rebellions_(1887–95)Jump to Revolution of 1893 - Main article: Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii ... claims that the overthrow was "bloodless", the Queen's Book notes to the ...WikipediaOverthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii - Wikipedia, the free ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii4.1 United States; 4.2 International; 4.3 Hawaiian counter-revolution ..... Despite repeated claims that the overthrow was "bloodless", the Queen's Book notes thatWikipedia... The Overthrow of the Monarchy - Independent and Sovereign
www.hawaii-nation.org/soa.htmlThe storm that had been gathering broke on Jan. 17, 1893, when the Hawaiian monarchy ended in a day of bloodless revolution.Hawaii Independence PartyKodomo No Tame Ni-For the Sake of the Children: The ...
https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0824807308Dennis M. Ogawa, Glen Grant - 1980 - HistoryThe Japanese-American Experience in Hawaii Dennis M. Ogawa, Glen Grant ...Bloodless. Revolution. NOT since the regal coronation of King Kalakaua, not ...Hawaii's Monarchy Overthrown With US Support, 120 Years ...
www.history.com/.../hawaiis-monarchy-overthrown-with-u-s-sup...Jan 17, 2013 - Sugar barons and businessmen overthrew Hawaii's longstanding monarchy 120 ... Most Hawaiians opposed the nearly bloodless coup, as did ... so Liliuokalani's supporters launched a counter-revolution in January 1895.History1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii - Wikiwand
www.wikiwand.com/en/1887_Constitution_of_the_Kingdom_of_HawaiiThe 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii was a legal document by ... HawaiianRebellions · Bloodless Revolution · Wilcox Rebellion of 1889 · Wilcox ...Bloodless Revolution of Hawaii - Answers.com
www.answers.com › ... › History › History of the United StatesThe Glorious Revolution of 1688 was a bloodless revolution because no blood was spilled. Though Mary and William of Orange marched against James II, ...The Annexation of Hawaii - Digital History
www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?...When she died in 1917, Hawaii was an American territory. ... After the bloodless 1893revolution, the American businessmen lobbied President Benjamin ...University of Houston1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii | World Heritage ...
self.gutenberg.org/articles/1887_constitution_of_the_kingdom_of_hawaiiHawaiian Rebellions; Bloodless Revolution · Wilcox Rebellion of 1889 · Wilcox ... The 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii was a legal document by ...
-see below-
Wilcox rebellion of 1889 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilcox_rebellion_of_1889The Wilcox rebellion of 1889 (also known as the Wilcox insurrection of 1889) was a revolt led by Robert Wilcox to force King Kalākaua of Hawaii to reenact the ...WikipediaWilcox rebellions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilcox_rebellionsJump to Wilcox Rebellion of 1889 - Main article: Wilcox Rebellion of 1889 ... Kalākaua to promulgate the 1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii.WikipediaRobert William Wilcox - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_William_WilcoxJump to Rebellion of 1895 - [edit]. Main article: 1895 Counter-Revolution in Hawaii. Following the overthrow, The Liberal resumed publication January 25, ...WikipediaRobert Wilcox: Rebellion and Home Rule - The Hawaiian ...
www.hawaiianhistory.org › Time Capsules › PersonalitiesIn 1889, Robert Wilcox led an insurrection against the so-called Reform Government, which had earlier imposed the "Bayonet Constitution" on King Kalākaua.Robert Wilcox and the 1889 Rebellion | Ka'iwakīloumoku
https://apps.ksbe.edu/kaiwakiloumoku/.../wilikokiRobert Wilcox and the 1889 Rebellion. Author: Helen G. Chapin, Courtesy of theHawaiian Historical Society. In 1889, Robert W. Wilcox led an insurrection ...Kamehameha SchoolsWilcox Rebellion 1889 and Dueling Palace Coup Plots ...
morganreport.org/mediawiki/index.php?title=Wilcox_Rebellion...Jan 21, 2006 - The Wilcox rebellion of 1889 resulted in 7 men killed, many injured, and the ... I was the author of a grammar of the Hawaiian language and of a ...-
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Robert Wilcox and the Revolution of 1895: Hawaiian ...
solidarity-us.org/node/2642Robert Wilcox was one of the few Hawaiian leaders who possessed a fiery militancy and took up armed struggle as an option. Actually a part-Hawaiian, Wilcox ...The First Wilcox Rebellion: July 30, 1889. | Kumu K's Blog
https://kumuk.wordpress.com/.../the-first-wilcox-rebellion-july-30-1889/May 30, 2011 - Palace in the first Robert Wilcox rebellion. ... Dr. Ralph Kuykendall, which I enjoyed as a student on the University of Hawaii campus fifty years[PDF]Subject: Rebellions Against Hawaiian Monarchs (1) The ...
https://kumuk.files.wordpress.com/2011/05/rebellion1-cwk-wp.pdfSubject: Rebellions Against Hawaiian Monarchs. (1) The First Wilcox Rebellion: July 30, 1889. This is given brief treatment in Chapter 16 of Ralph Kuykendall,.
Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii - Wikipedia, the free ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_HawaiiThe overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii refers to the coup d'état that took place on January 17, 1893 in the Hawaiian Islands, in which anti-monarchical ...WikipediaLiliuokalani - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liliuokalani2 Reign; 3 Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom; 4 Forced removal; 5 Compositions; 6 In popular culture; 7 Ancestry; 8 Namesakes; 9 See also; 10 Footnotes and ...WikipediaYou've visited this page 2 times. Last visit: 1/5/15The Overthrow of the Monarchy - Independent and Sovereign
www.hawaii-nation.org/soa.htmlReturn to the Hawaiian Independence Home Page or the ... Hawai`i entered the decade of the 1890s as a kingdom and emerged from it as a Territory of the ...Hawaii Independence PartyHawaiian Kingdom - The U.S. Occupation
www.hawaiiankingdom.org/us-occupation.shtmlOn January 16, 1893, United States diplomatic and military personnel conspired with a small group of individuals to overthrow the constitutional government of ...Americans overthrow Hawaiian monarchy - Jan 17, 1893 ...
www.history.com/this.../americans-overthrow-hawaiian-monarch...On the Hawaiian Islands, a group of American sugar planters under Sanford Ballard Dole overthrow Queen Liliuokalani, the Hawaiian monarch, and establish a ...HistoryHawaii's Monarchy Overthrown With US Support, 120 Years ...
www.history.com/.../hawaiis-monarchy-overthrown-with-u-s-sup...Jan 17, 2013 - The United States had previously recognized the Kingdom of Hawaii'sindependence. But on January 17, 1893, U.S. troops took part in a ...History-
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learning.blogs.nytimes.com/.../jan-1...Jan 17, 2012 - 17, 1893, Hawaii's monarchy was overthrown when a group of businessmen ... Queen Liliuokalani, the last monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, ...New York Times Learning NetworkAttempted Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom,1893 ...
www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmavRFmJG_UJan 14, 2013 - Uploaded by HawaiianVoiceEverything you need to know about the illegal overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. Keanu Sai explains the ...The Hawaiian Situation - Digital History
www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?...When she died in 1917, Hawaii was an American territory. ... The businessmen who conspired to overthrow the queen claimed that they were .... of the proper authorities of the kingdom and the island, transmitted officially to Minister StevensUniversity of Houston. - overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_HawaiiThe overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii refers to the coup d'état that took place on January 17, 1893 in the Hawaiian Islands, in which anti-monarchical insurgents within the Kingdom of Hawaii, composed largely of United States citizens, engineered the overthrow of its native monarch, Queen Lili'uokalani.Wikipedia
Hawaii’s Monarchy Overthrown With U.S. Support, 120 Years Ago
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The United States had previously recognized the Kingdom of Hawaii’s independence. But on January 17, 1893, U.S. troops took part in a conspiracy led by a small group of wealthy businessmen and sugar plantation owners to overthrow the monarchy of Queen Liliuokalani. Most Hawaiians opposed the nearly bloodless coup, as did incoming President Grover Cleveland. Once Cleveland left office, however, the United States fulfilled the conspirators’ wishes by annexing the islands in August 1898. Hawaii became a formal territory two years later and a state in 1959.
'Iolani Palace, Honolulu, Hawaii (Photo: Getty Images)
Seafaring Polynesians discovered Hawaii perhaps as early as 200 A.D. by paddling double-hulled canoes across thousands of miles of the Pacific Ocean. When in 1778 British explorer James Cook became the first European known to arrive, several chiefs ruled over different parts of the archipelago. Yet by 1810, King Kamehameha I had united Hawaii’s eight main islands into a single kingdom with the help of firearms obtained from white traders.
These early-arriving whites brought over Hawaii’s first venereal diseases and mosquitoes, along with smallpox, measles and other epidemics that reduced the native population by roughly 75 percent over the span of just a few decades. Hawaii furthermore struggled with repeated U.S., British and French attempts to exert their influence over it. British imperialists even carried out a brief takeover in 1843 before their superiors restored the kingdom’s sovereignty.
Under King Kalakaua’s reign from 1874 to 1891, Hawaii ceded away the rights to Pearl Harbor and signed a free-trade agreement with the United States that greatly benefited the islands’ sugar planters, who came to control about four-fifths of all arable land. Yet the white business class remained unsatisfied. Under the threat of force, they pushed through a so-called Bayonet Constitution that turned the monarch into little more than a figurehead. The constitution also enfranchised more whites even as it diluted the voting power of native Hawaiians and Asian immigrants. Kalakaua, meanwhile, drove the kingdom and himself deep into debt with such expenditures as the construction of a new palace. Nicknamed the “Merrie Monarch,” he once allegedly accepted $155,000 in bribes from two Chinese businessmen seeking an opium license.
Kalakaua’s sister, Liliuokalani, took the throne upon his death in 1891 and soon began working on a replacement to the Bayonet Constitution that would restore the monarch’s power and give only Hawaiian subjects the right to vote. After failing to get her new constitution through the legislature, Liliuokalani planned to enact it by royal fiat on January 14, 1893. Although she ended up deferring action on the advice of her handpicked cabinet, 13 men of American, British and German descent became so concerned about their future business and political prospects that they met at a Honolulu law office and arranged to depose her.
Having gotten word of the plot, Liliuokalani’s marshal asked the cabinet to authorize a warrant for the arrest of the 13 men, only to be turned down. The queen and her cabinet ministers then released a statement assuring that “any changes desired in the fundamental law of the land will be sought only by methods provided in the Constitution itself.” Far from placated, the conspirators gathered on January 16 with about 1,000 supporters, including many members of a recently disbanded all-white militia known as the Honolulu Rifles. In on the conspiracy was John L. Stevens, the U.S. minister to Hawaii, who ordered a nearby naval ship to land troops in Honolulu, ostensibly to secure the safety of American life and property. Around 5 p.m., Liliuokalani watched as over 120 marines and sailors marched past her palace with a rapid-fire Gatling gun and set up camp a few hundred yards away. Another 40 men stood guard outside of Stevens’ residence.
The following day, an unarmed policeman was shot in the shoulder as he tried to inspect a wagon full of ammunition on its way to the conspirators’ headquarters. In the ensuing commotion, some of the leading conspirators ran up to the government building, located across the street from the palace, and proclaimed themselves in charge pending annexation by the United States. Stevens immediately recognized the new provisional government, with judge Sanford B. Dole–whose first cousin once removed would later make his surname famous for pineapples–at its head. Despite having hundreds of men at her disposal, Liliuokalani decided to acquiesce in order to avoid bloodshed. “[I] yield my authority until such time as the government of the United States shall, upon the facts being presented to it, undo the action of its representatives and reinstate me,” she wrote.
In the aftermath of the coup, U.S. troops piled sandbags around the government building in order to fortify it against a potential counterattack. Some also looted the palace, stripping decorations from the walls and stealing a valuable crown. For his part, Stevens wrote to the secretary of state in favor of annexation, saying: “The Hawaiian pear is now fully ripe and this is the golden hour for the United States to pluck it.” But after U.S. President Grover Cleveland took office that March, he withdrew an annexation treaty, dismissed Stevens from his post and appointed a special commissioner to look into the matter. When the commissioner determined that Liliuokalani had been illegally overthrown and that most Hawaiians opposed the coup, Cleveland’s administration urged that the monarchy be restored. The provisional government instead dug in its heels, establishing a Republic of Hawaii in July 1894.
Cleveland proved unwilling to use military force, so Liliuokalani’s supporters launched a counter-revolution in January 1895. Several people died in the failed attempt, over 350 were arrested and the queen was forced to officially abdicate the throne. After spending nearly eight months imprisoned in the palace, she then traveled to the United States in a last-gasp effort to drum up support. It was all for naught. When the Spanish-American War broke out in 1898, Hawaii became a strategically important position for U.S. troops fighting in the Philippines. Annexation came that August with the backing of Cleveland’s successor, William McKinley, and Hawaii was on the road to statehood. In 1993 President Bill Clinton signed a bill apologizing to native Hawaiians for the overthrow of their kingdom.
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Leper War on Kauaʻi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leper_War_on_KauaʻiThe Leper War on Kauaʻi also known as the Koolau Rebellion, Battle of Kalalau or the short name, the Leper War. Following the overthrow of the Kingdom of ...WikipediaLeper War on Kaua'i - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/?title=Leper_War_on_Kaua'i&redirect...... navigation, search. Redirect to: Leper War on Kauaʻi. Retrieved from "http://en.Wikipediawikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leper_War_on_Kaua%27i&oldid=421763285 ... -
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Black Week (Hawaii) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Black Week was a crisis in Honolulu, Hawaii that nearly caused a war between the Provisional Government there and United States.
Wikipedia
Opposition to the overthrow of the Hawaiian ... - Wikipedia
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Jump to Black Week - Main article: Black Week (Hawaii) ... of an American invasion to restore the monarchy, which became known as the Black Week.
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| Black Week | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Hawaiian Rebellions (1887–1895) | |||||||
_engraving_1887.jpg) USRC Thomas Corwin, whose unexpected arrival caused the incident | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 United Kingdom |  P.G. of Hawaii | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
 John Irwin | Sanford B. Dole | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 1 Screw corvette | 1000 Militiamen | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| 0 | 0 | ||||||
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The Black Week was a crisis in Honolulu, Hawaii that nearly caused a war between the Provisional Government there and United States.
Contents
[hide]Background[edit]
President Grover Cleveland of the United States denounced theOverthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. Cleveland vowed to reverse the damage done and restore the Kingdom. Following the Overthrow, Cleveland launched an investigation headed by James Blount as United States Minister to Hawaii, known as the Blount Report. After the investigation, Blount was replaced by Albert Willis , who began negotiations between ex-queen Liliuokalani for a US led invasion to restore the monarchy. However, the agreements collapsed.
Crisis[edit]
On December 14, 1893, Albert Willis arrived in Honolulu aboard theUSRC Corwin unannounced, bringing an anticipation of an American invasion to restore the monarchy. With the hysteria of a military assault, he stimulated fears by staging a mock invasion with the USS Adamsand USS Philadelphia, directing their guns toward the capital. Willis' goal was to maintain fear of the United States to pressure the Provisional Government into forfeiting the island back to the queen or at least to maintain a US invasion as a possible reality, carrying out this to the limit of the Navy remaining officially neutral. He stated there were more than 1,000 men of military age in the city the Provisional Government was arming. Willis ordered Rear Admiral John Irwin to organize a landing operation using troops on the two American ships. He made no attempt to conceal preparations of the operation, as men readied equipment on deck. The next shipment of mail, news, and information was yet to arrive aboard the Alameda, so until then the public was uninformed of the relations between Hawaii and the U.S. Sanford B. Dole, President of Hawaii attempted to quell the anxiety by assuring the public there would be no invasion. On January 3, 1894 public anxiety became critical which gave the incident its name, the “Black Week”. As the anticipation of a conflict intensified in Honolulu Irwin became concerned for American citizens and property in the city, considering he may actually have to land troops to protect them if violence erupted in retaliation for the crisis. The Commanders of the Japanese HIJMS Naniwa and the British HMS Champion asked to join the landing operation, like Irwin, to protect lives and property of their respective nationalities. On January 11, 1894, Willis revealed to Dole the invasion to be a hoax.[1][2]
Aftermath[edit]
Though Willis did not restore the monarchy, he was able to incite doubt in the Hawaiian public over the Provisional Government and communicate that the US was capable of going to war with them. This was one of the factors resulting in the formation of the Republic of Hawaii. To Cleveland this was an improvement; avoiding annexation left the potential to restore the monarchy and was more favorable in keeping Hawaii an independent country than as a territory of the United States.
References[edit]
 | This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. (January 2010) |
1895 Counter-revolution in Hawaii - Wikipedia, the free ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1895_Counter-revolution_in_Hawaii
The 1895 counter-revolution in Hawaii (Hawaiian: Kaua Kuloko 1895) was a brief war from January 6 to January 9, 1895, that consisted of three battles on the ...
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Hawaiian rebellions (1887–95) - Wikipedia, the free ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_rebellions_(1887–95)
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Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii - Wikipedia, the free ...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overthrow_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hawaii
Jump to Hawaiian counter-revolution - [edit]. Main article: 1895 Counter-revolution in Hawaii. A four-day uprising between January 6 and 9, 1895, ...
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Wilcox rebellions - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Wilcox Rebellions were a plot in 1888, a revolt in 1889, and a counter-
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The 1895 Counter-Revolution in Hawaii - Hawai'i Digital ...
https://sites.google.com/a/hawaii.edu/ndnp-hawaii/.../counter-revolution
Two years after the overthrow of the Hawaiian Monarchy, a three-day counter-The 1895 Counter-Revolution in Hawaii - Hawai'i Digital ...
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January 9, 1895: The last battle of the war was fought, and the counter-revolutionended with the counter-revolution failing and the Republic of Hawaii prevailing.Hawaii Holomua's Role in the 1895 Counter-Revolution of ...
https://sites.google.com/.../hawaii...hawaii/.../hawaii-holomua-s-role-in-th...
Hawaii Holomua's Role in the 1895 Counter-Revolution of Hawaii ... colorful editor of the English version of the newspaper Hawaii Holomua (1893-1895), didn't.The Overthrow of the Monarchy - Independent and Sovereign
www.hawaii-nation.org/soa.html
Return to the Hawaiian Independence Home Page or the ..... imprisoned after a cache of arms was found in her garden during the counterrevolution of 1895.
Hawaii Independence Party
Counterrevolution to reinstate Queen Lili`uokalani - Hawaii ...
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Return to the year 1895. Counterrevolution to reinstate Queen Lili'uokalani ... She formally abdicated on January 24, 1895, to win clemency for the rebels who ...Translation of 1895 Counter-Revolution in Hawaii in English
translation.babylon.com › English Translation
The 1895 Counter-revolution in Hawaii (Hawaiian: Kaua Kuloko 1895) was a brief war from January 6 to January 9, 1895, that consisted of three battles on the
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